The 2026 Cardiovascular Formulary: Every Agent Available in the United States and Europe, Side by Side
A working reference of the cardiovascular drugs available as of September 2026, with approval dates, marketed strengths, manufacturers and manufacturer product pages — and the transatlantic naming differences that quietly generate medication errors.
On this page
Why a two-continent list is now a practical necessity
Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy has fragmented into more than twenty mechanistically distinct classes, and no single clinician holds the full inventory in working memory any more.
The problem compounds at the border, because a molecule licensed on both continents frequently carries two unrelated trade names and occasionally two different strength ladders.
A patient arriving from Europe on Brilique is on ticagrelor, the same drug an American cardiologist knows as Brilinta, yet the European carton will not appear in most United States electronic prescribing lookups.
The reverse failure is more dangerous, since a European physician handed a United States discharge summary listing Farxiga may not immediately recognise Forxiga, and may not realise that Inpefa has no European counterpart at all.
The tables below list what is actually marketed as of now on each side of the Atlantic, grouped by principal cardiovascular indication rather than by pharmacologic class, because that is the order in which a clinician actually reaches for them.
Each row carries the marketing authorisation date, the strengths a pharmacy can actually dispense, the responsible company with its stock ticker, and a link to the most specific web page that exists for that product.
Where a dedicated brand website exists it is linked directly, where it does not the responsible company's own site is linked instead, and where a molecule survives only as an unbranded multi-source generic no link is offered because no single manufacturer owns it.
Many agents carry more than one cardiovascular indication, so each is filed under its principal one and its secondary uses are noted beneath the generic name.
What actually changed in 2025 and 2026
The single largest change to routine lipid management is enlicitide decanoate (Lipfendra), approved by the FDA in July 2026 as the first oral PCSK9 inhibitor, a 20 mg once-daily tablet from Merck & Co. (NYSE: MRK).
Hypertension gained its first genuinely new mechanism in decades with baxdrostat (Baxfendy), the first aldosterone synthase inhibitor, approved in May 2026 at 1 mg and 2 mg once daily from AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN).
Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy became a two-drug field with aficamten (Myqorzo) from Cytokinetics (NASDAQ: CYTK), FDA-approved in December 2025 and authorised in the European Union in February 2026, joining mavacamten (Camzyos).
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia acquired a patient-administered option in etripamil (Cardamyst), a 70 mg intranasal calcium channel blocker approved in December 2025 that is not yet available in Europe.
Severe hypertriglyceridaemia now has two RNA-targeted agents in the United States, olezarsen (Tryngolza) and plozasiran (Redemplo), while Europe retains volanesorsen (Waylivra), which the FDA declined over thrombocytopenia.
Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy is now a four-agent therapeutic area, with the stabilisers tafamidis and acoramidis and the silencers vutrisiran and eplontersen, and each of the last three carries a different trade name in Europe.
Table 1 — Cardiovascular drugs available in the United States
The following agents are marketed in the United States as of September 2026, grouped by principal cardiovascular indication, with the FDA approval month and year given where the agency's records support a specific month and the year alone where they do not.
How to use these tables: type in the filter box to search across every column, or tap an indication chip to isolate one clinical category. The pharmacologic class appears as a tag beneath each generic name, and secondary indications are listed below it. On a phone each row becomes its own labelled card, so no horizontal scrolling is required.
| Generic name | Brand name | Approved | Available doses | Company | Website |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension45 agents | |||||
| LisinoprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF, post-MI | Zestril / Prinivil | Dec 1987 | 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg tabs | Alvogen; Organon; generics | alvogen.comcompany site — Alvogen |
| EnalaprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF | Vasotec / Epaned | Dec 1985 | 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL soln | Bausch Health (NYSE: BHC); Azurity; generics | bauschhealth.comcompany site — Bausch Health |
| RamiprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF, CV risk | Altace | Jan 1991 | 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg caps | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| BenazeprilRAAS: ACE inhibitor | Lotensin | Jun 1991 | 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | Validus Pharmaceuticals; generics | validuspharma.comcompany site — Validus Pharmaceuticals |
| QuinaprilRAAS: ACE inhibitor | Accupril | Nov 1991 | 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| CaptoprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF, post-MI | Capoten | Apr 1981 | 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| Perindopril erbumineRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: stable CAD | Aceon | Dec 1993 | 2, 4, 8 mg tabs | Symplmed; generics | Symplmedno public product or company page |
| TrandolaprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: post-MI LV dysfunction | Mavik | Apr 1996 | 1, 2, 4 mg tabs | AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV); generics | abbvie.comcompany site — AbbVie |
| FosinoprilRAAS: ACE inhibitor | Monopril | May 1991 | 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| MoexiprilRAAS: ACE inhibitor | Univasc | Apr 1995 | 7.5, 15 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| LosartanRAAS: ARBalso: stroke prevention in LVH | Cozaar | Apr 1995 | 25, 50, 100 mg tabs | Organon (NYSE: OGN); generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| ValsartanRAAS: ARBalso: HF, post-MI | Diovan | Dec 1996 | 40, 80, 160, 320 mg tabs | Novartis (NYSE: NVS); generics | novartis.comcompany site — Novartis |
| IrbesartanRAAS: ARB | Avapro | Sep 1997 | 75, 150, 300 mg tabs | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY); generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| Candesartan cilexetilRAAS: ARBalso: HF | Atacand | Jun 1998 | 4, 8, 16, 32 mg tabs | ANI Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: ANIP); generics | anipharmaceuticals.comcompany site — ANI Pharmaceuticals |
| TelmisartanRAAS: ARB | Micardis | Nov 1998 | 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Boehringer Ingelheim; generics | boehringer-ingelheim.comcompany site — Boehringer Ingelheim |
| Olmesartan medoxomilRAAS: ARB | Benicar | Apr 2002 | 5, 20, 40 mg tabs | Cosette; generics | cosettepharma.comcompany site — Cosette |
| Azilsartan medoxomilRAAS: ARB | Edarbi | Feb 2011 | 40, 80 mg tabs | Azurity Pharmaceuticals | edarbi.comproduct site |
| EprosartanRAAS: ARB | Teveten | Dec 1997 | 400, 600 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| AliskirenRAAS: Renin inhibitor | Tekturna | Mar 2007 | 150, 300 mg tabs | Noden Pharma; generics | Noden Pharmano public product or company page |
| BaxdrostatAldosterone pathway | Baxfendy | May 2026 | 1, 2 mg tabs (aldosterone synthase inhibitor) | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN) | baxfendy.comproduct site |
| AmlodipineCalcium channel blockeralso: angina | Norvasc | Jul 1992 | 2.5, 5, 10 mg tabs | Viatris (NASDAQ: VTRS); generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| Nifedipine ERCalcium channel blockeralso: angina | Procardia XL / Adalat CC | Dec 1989 | 30, 60, 90 mg ER tabs | Pfizer; Almatica; generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Felodipine ERCalcium channel blockeralso: angina | Plendil | Jul 1991 | 2.5, 5, 10 mg ER tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| IsradipineCalcium channel blocker | DynaCirc | Dec 1990 | 2.5, 5 mg caps | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| NicardipineCalcium channel blockeralso: acute BP control | Cardene / Cardene IV | Dec 1988 | 20, 30 mg caps; 2.5 mg/mL IV | Chiesi; Baxter (NYSE: BAX); generics | chiesi.comcompany site — Chiesi |
| Nisoldipine ERCalcium channel blocker | Sular | Feb 1995 | 8.5, 17, 25.5, 34 mg ER tabs | Covis Pharma; generics | covispharma.comcompany site — Covis Pharma |
| ClevidipineCalcium channel blockeralso: acute BP control | Cleviprex | Aug 2008 | 0.5 mg/mL IV emulsion (50, 100 mL) | Chiesi USA | cleviprex.comproduct site |
| NebivololBeta-blockeralso: HTN only in the US | Bystolic | Dec 2007 | 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs | AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV); generics | bystolic.comproduct site |
| PropranololBeta-blockeralso: arrhythmia, migraine, thyrotoxicosis | Inderal LA / InnoPran XL / Hemangeol | Nov 1967 | 10-80 mg IR; 60-160 mg LA; IV | ANI Pharmaceuticals; generics | anipharmaceuticals.comcompany site — ANI Pharmaceuticals |
| LabetalolBeta-blockeralso: hypertensive emergency, pregnancy | Trandate | Aug 1984 | 100, 200, 300 mg tabs; 5 mg/mL IV | Prometheus; generics | validuspharma.comcompany site — Prometheus |
| HydrochlorothiazideDiuretic | Microzide | 1959 | 12.5, 25, 50 mg | Concordia; generics | advanzpharma.comcompany site — Concordia |
| ChlorthalidoneDiuretic | Thalitone | 1960 | 15, 25, 50 mg tabs | Casper Pharma; generics | casperpharma.comcompany site — Casper Pharma |
| IndapamideDiuretic | Lozol | 1983 | 1.25, 2.5 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| ChlorothiazideDiuretic | Diuril | 1958 | 250, 500 mg tabs; 500 mg IV | Akorn; generics | akorn.comcompany site — Akorn |
| AmilorideDiuretic | Midamor | 1981 | 5 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| Triamterene / HCTZDiuretic | Dyazide / Maxzide | 1965 | 37.5/25, 75/50 mg | GSK; Mylan; generics | gsk.comcompany site — GSK |
| HydralazineVasodilator / other HTNalso: resistant HTN | Apresoline | 1953 | 10, 25, 50, 100 mg tabs; 20 mg/mL IV | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| Minoxidil (oral)Vasodilator / other HTNalso: refractory HTN | Loniten | 1979 | 2.5, 10 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| Sodium nitroprussideVasodilator / other HTNalso: hypertensive emergency | Nipride RTU / Nitropress | 1974 (Nipride RTU Nov 2017) | 20, 50 mg vials; 50, 100 mg/100 mL RTU | Exela Pharma Sciences; generics | exelapharma.comcompany site — Exela Pharma Sciences |
| ClonidineVasodilator / other HTNalso: resistant HTN | Catapres / Catapres-TTS / Nexiclon XR | Sep 1974 | 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 mg tabs; TTS-1/2/3 patch | Boehringer Ingelheim; generics | boehringer-ingelheim.comcompany site — Boehringer Ingelheim |
| GuanfacineVasodilator / other HTN | Tenex | Oct 1986 | 1, 2 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| MethyldopaVasodilator / other HTNalso: HTN in pregnancy | Aldomet | 1962 | 250, 500 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| DoxazosinVasodilator / other HTNalso: HTN, BPH | Cardura / Cardura XL | Nov 1990 | 1, 2, 4, 8 mg tabs; 4, 8 mg XL | Viatris (NASDAQ: VTRS); generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| TerazosinVasodilator / other HTNalso: HTN, BPH | Hytrin | Aug 1987 | 1, 2, 5, 10 mg caps | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| PrazosinVasodilator / other HTNalso: HTN | Minipress | 1976 | 1, 2, 5 mg caps | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Dyslipidaemia and ASCVD risk reduction29 agents | |||||
| AtorvastatinLipid: Statins | Lipitor | Dec 1996 | 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Viatris (NASDAQ: VTRS); multiple generics | lipitor.comproduct site |
| RosuvastatinLipid: Statins | Crestor | Aug 2003 | 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN); multiple generics | crestor.comproduct site |
| SimvastatinLipid: Statins | Zocor | Dec 1991 | 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Organon (NYSE: OGN); multiple generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| PravastatinLipid: Statins | Pravachol | Oct 1991 | 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Bristol Myers Squibb (NYSE: BMY); generics | bms.comcompany site — Bristol Myers Squibb |
| LovastatinLipid: Statins | Mevacor / Altoprev | 1987 | 10, 20, 40 mg tabs; 20, 40, 60 mg ER | Organon; Covis Pharma; generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| FluvastatinLipid: Statins | Lescol XL | Dec 1993 | 20, 40 mg caps; 80 mg XL tab | Novartis (NYSE: NVS); generics | novartis.comcompany site — Novartis |
| PitavastatinLipid: Statins | Livalo / Zypitamag | Aug 2009 | 1, 2, 4 mg tabs | Kowa Pharmaceuticals America; Medicure | livalorx.comproduct site |
| EzetimibeLipid: Non-statin oral | Zetia | Oct 2002 | 10 mg tab | Organon (NYSE: OGN); generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| Ezetimibe / simvastatinLipid: Non-statin oral | Vytorin | Jul 2004 | 10/10, 10/20, 10/40, 10/80 mg | Organon; generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| Bempedoic acidLipid: Non-statin oral | Nexletol | Feb 2020 | 180 mg tab | Esperion Therapeutics (NASDAQ: ESPR) | nexlizet.comproduct site |
| Bempedoic acid / ezetimibeLipid: Non-statin oral | Nexlizet | Feb 2020 | 180/10 mg tab | Esperion Therapeutics (NASDAQ: ESPR) | nexlizet.comproduct site |
| EvolocumabLipid: PCSK9also: ASCVD, HeFH, HoFH | Repatha | Aug 2015 | 140 mg/mL autoinjector; 420 mg/3.5 mL | Amgen (NASDAQ: AMGN) | repatha.comproduct site |
| AlirocumabLipid: PCSK9also: ASCVD, HeFH | Praluent | Jul 2015 | 75, 150, 300 mg pens | Regeneron (NASDAQ: REGN) / Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY) | praluent.comproduct site |
| InclisiranLipid: PCSK9also: ASCVD, HeFH | Leqvio | Dec 2021 | 284 mg/1.5 mL prefilled syringe | Novartis (NYSE: NVS) | leqvio.comproduct site |
| LerodalcibepLipid: PCSK9also: HeFH and HoFH | Lerochol | Dec 2025 | 300 mg/1.2 mL monthly injection | LIB Therapeutics | lerochol.comproduct site |
| Enlicitide decanoateLipid: PCSK9also: HeFH | Lipfendra | Jul 2026 | 20 mg tab (oral PCSK9 inhibitor) | Merck & Co. (NYSE: MRK) | lipfendra.comproduct site |
| Evinacumab-dgnbLipid: Rare diseasealso: HoFH | Evkeeza | Feb 2021 | 345 mg/2.3 mL; 1,200 mg/8 mL IV | Regeneron (NASDAQ: REGN) | evkeeza.comproduct site |
| LomitapideLipid: Rare diseasealso: HoFH | Juxtapid | Dec 2012 | 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 mg caps | Chiesi Global Rare Diseases | chiesi.comcompany site — Chiesi Global Rare Diseases |
| OlezarsenLipid: Rare diseasealso: familial chylomicronaemia | Tryngolza | Dec 2024 | 80 mg/0.8 mL monthly autoinjector | Ionis Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: IONS) | tryngolza.comproduct site |
| PlozasiranLipid: Rare diseasealso: familial chylomicronaemia | Redemplo | Nov 2025 | 25 mg/0.5 mL quarterly injection | Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: ARWR) | redemplo.comproduct site |
| Icosapent ethylLipid: Triglyceridealso: CV risk reduction with elevated triglycerides | Vascepa | Jul 2012 | 0.5 g, 1 g caps | Amarin (NASDAQ: AMRN); generics | vascepa.comproduct site |
| Omega-3-acid ethyl estersLipid: Triglyceride | Lovaza | Nov 2004 | 1 g caps | GSK (NYSE: GSK); generics | gsk.comcompany site — GSK |
| Icosapent + DHA (omega-3 carboxylic acids)Lipid: Triglyceride | Epanova | May 2014 | 1 g caps (limited availability) | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN) | astrazeneca.comcompany site — AstraZeneca |
| FenofibrateLipid: Triglyceride | Tricor / Trilipix / Fenoglide | 1993 (Tricor); Dec 2008 (Trilipix) | 48, 145 mg tabs; 45, 135 mg DR caps | AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV); generics | tricortablets.comproduct site |
| GemfibrozilLipid: Triglyceride | Lopid | Dec 1981 | 600 mg tab | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Niacin extended-releaseLipid: Other | Niaspan | Jul 1997 | 500, 750, 1,000 mg tabs | AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV); generics | abbvie.comcompany site — AbbVie |
| ColesevelamLipid: Other | Welchol | May 2000 | 625 mg tabs; 3.75 g packets | Cosette Pharmaceuticals; generics | welchol.comproduct site |
| CholestyramineLipid: Other | Questran / Prevalite | 1973 | 4 g/dose powder | Par Pharmaceutical; Teva (NYSE: TEVA) | parhealth.comcompany site — Par Pharmaceutical |
| ColestipolLipid: Other | Colestid | 1977 | 1 g tabs; 5 g granules | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Chronic coronary disease and angina10 agents | |||||
| DiltiazemCalcium channel blockeralso: AF rate control, HTN | Cardizem / Cardizem CD / Tiazac | Nov 1982 | 30-120 mg IR; 120-420 mg ER; IV | Bausch Health (NYSE: BHC); generics | bauschhealth.comcompany site — Bausch Health |
| VerapamilCalcium channel blockeralso: AF rate control, HTN, SVT | Calan / Verelan / Isoptin SR | 1981 | 40, 80, 120 mg IR; 100-360 mg ER; IV | Pfizer; Lannett; generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Metoprolol tartrateBeta-blockeralso: post-MI, AF rate control | Lopressor | Aug 1978 | 25, 37.5, 50, 75, 100 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL IV | Validus; generics | validuspharma.comcompany site — Validus |
| AtenololBeta-blockeralso: post-MI, HTN | Tenormin | Aug 1981 | 25, 50, 100 mg tabs | Almatica; generics | almatica.comcompany site — Almatica |
| NadololBeta-blocker | Corgard | Dec 1979 | 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | US WorldMeds; generics | usworldmeds.comcompany site — US WorldMeds |
| Nitroglycerin sublingualAntianginal | Nitrostat / GoNitro | Predates 1982 FDA database | 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 mg SL tabs; 0.4 mg powder | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); Espero; generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Nitroglycerin transdermal / IVAntianginal | Nitro-Dur / Minitran / Nitronal | 1983 | 0.1-0.8 mg/hr patch; 5 mg/mL IV | Viatris; Baxter; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| Isosorbide mononitrate ERAntianginal | Imdur | Jul 1993 | 30, 60, 120 mg ER tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| Isosorbide dinitrateAntianginal | Isordil Titradose | 1959 | 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 mg tabs | Bausch Health (NYSE: BHC); generics | bauschhealth.comcompany site — Bausch Health |
| Ranolazine ERAntianginalalso: chronic angina | Ranexa | Jan 2006 | 500, 1,000 mg ER tabs | Gilead Sciences (NASDAQ: GILD); generics | ranexa.comproduct site |
| Acute coronary syndrome and antiplatelet therapy8 agents | |||||
| AspirinAntiplateletalso: secondary prevention | Bayer Aspirin / Durlaza / OTC | OTC monograph | 81, 162, 325 mg; 162.5 mg ER cap | Bayer; New Haven Pharmaceuticals; many | bayer.com/encompany site — Bayer |
| ClopidogrelAntiplateletalso: ACS, PCI, stroke, PAD | Plavix | Nov 1997 | 75, 300 mg tabs | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY) / Bristol Myers Squibb (NYSE: BMY); generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| PrasugrelAntiplateletalso: ACS with PCI | Effient | Jul 2009 | 5, 10 mg tabs | Daiichi Sankyo (TYO: 4568) / Eli Lilly (NYSE: LLY); generics | daiichisankyo.comcompany site — Daiichi Sankyo |
| TicagrelorAntiplateletalso: ACS, prior MI, stroke | Brilinta | Jul 2011 | 60, 90 mg tabs | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN); generics | brilinta.comproduct site |
| CangrelorAntiplatelet | Kengreal | Jun 2015 | 50 mg vial (IV) | Chiesi USA | kengreal.comproduct site |
| Dipyridamole / aspirin ERAntiplatelet | Aggrenox | Nov 1999 | 200/25 mg caps | Boehringer Ingelheim; generics | boehringer-ingelheim.comcompany site — Boehringer Ingelheim |
| EptifibatideAntiplatelet | Integrilin | May 1998 | 0.75, 2 mg/mL IV | Merck & Co. (NYSE: MRK); generics | merck.comcompany site — Merck & Co. |
| TirofibanAntiplatelet | Aggrastat | May 1998 | 250 mcg/mL, 50 mcg/mL IV | Medicure (TSXV: MPH) | aggrastat.comproduct site |
| Heart failure24 agents | |||||
| Sacubitril / valsartanRAAS: ARNI | Entresto | Jul 2015 | 24/26, 49/51, 97/103 mg tabs; pediatric granules | Novartis (NYSE: NVS); generics | entresto.comproduct site |
| SpironolactoneAldosterone pathwayalso: resistant HTN | Aldactone / CaroSpir | Jan 1960 | 25, 50, 100 mg tabs; 25 mg/5 mL susp | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); CMP Pharma; generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| EplerenoneAldosterone pathwayalso: post-MI LV dysfunction, HTN | Inspra | Sep 2002 | 25, 50 mg tabs | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| FinerenoneAldosterone pathwayalso: CKD in type 2 diabetes | Kerendia | Jul 2021 | 10, 20 mg tabs | Bayer (ETR: BAYN) | kerendia-us.comproduct site |
| Metoprolol succinate ERBeta-blockeralso: HTN, angina | Toprol-XL | Jan 1992 | 25, 50, 100, 200 mg ER tabs | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN); generics | astrazeneca.comcompany site — AstraZeneca |
| CarvedilolBeta-blockeralso: HTN, post-MI LV dysfunction | Coreg / Coreg CR | Sep 1995 | 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 mg tabs; 10, 20, 40, 80 mg CR | GSK (NYSE: GSK); generics | gsk.comcompany site — GSK |
| Bisoprolol fumarateBeta-blockeralso: HTN | Zebeta | Jul 1992 | 5, 10 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| MetolazoneDiureticalso: diuretic resistance | Zaroxolyn | 1973 | 2.5, 5, 10 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| FurosemideDiureticalso: oedema, HTN | Lasix / Furoscix | Jul 1966 | 20, 40, 80 mg tabs; 10 mg/mL IV; SC on-body infusor | Validus; scPharmaceuticals; generics | validuspharma.comcompany site — Validus |
| BumetanideDiureticalso: oedema | Bumex | 1983 | 0.5, 1, 2 mg tabs; 0.25 mg/mL IV | Validus; generics | validuspharma.comcompany site — Validus |
| TorsemideDiureticalso: oedema, HTN | Demadex / Soaanz | Aug 1993 | 5, 10, 20, 100 mg tabs; IV | Sarfez; generics | sarfez.comcompany site — Sarfez |
| Ethacrynic acidDiuretic | Edecrin | 1967 | 25 mg tabs; 50 mg IV | Bausch Health (NYSE: BHC); generics | bauschhealth.comcompany site — Bausch Health |
| AcetazolamideDiuretic | Diamox | 1953 | 125, 250 mg tabs; 500 mg IV | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| TolvaptanDiureticalso: hypervolaemic hyponatraemia | Samsca | May 2009 | 15, 30 mg tabs | Otsuka Pharmaceutical (TYO: 4578) | otsuka.co.jp/encompany site — Otsuka Pharmaceutical |
| Isosorbide dinitrate / hydralazineVasodilator / other HTN | BiDil | Jun 2005 | 20/37.5 mg tabs | Arbor Pharmaceuticals; generics | azurity.comcompany site — Arbor Pharmaceuticals |
| DapagliflozinHeart failurealso: CKD, type 2 diabetes | Farxiga | Jan 2014 | 5, 10 mg tabs | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN) | farxiga.comproduct site |
| EmpagliflozinHeart failurealso: CKD, type 2 diabetes, CV risk | Jardiance | Aug 2014 | 10, 25 mg tabs | Boehringer Ingelheim / Eli Lilly (NYSE: LLY) | jardiance.comproduct site |
| SotagliflozinHeart failurealso: type 2 diabetes with CV risk | Inpefa | May 2023 | 200, 400 mg tabs | Lexicon Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: LXRX) | inpefahcp.comproduct site |
| VericiguatHeart failure | Verquvo | Jan 2021 | 2.5, 5, 10 mg tabs | Merck & Co. (NYSE: MRK) / Bayer | verquvo-us.comproduct site |
| IvabradineHeart failurealso: chronic angina (EU label) | Corlanor | Apr 2015 | 5, 7.5 mg tabs; 5 mg/5 mL soln | Amgen (NASDAQ: AMGN); generics | amgen.comcompany site — Amgen |
| DigoxinHeart failurealso: AF rate control | Lanoxin / Digitek | 1954 | 62.5, 125, 187.5, 250 mcg tabs; 0.25 mg/mL IV | Concordia; Sun Pharma; generics | advanzpharma.comcompany site — Concordia |
| MilrinoneHeart failure | Primacor | Dec 1987 | 1 mg/mL vials; premixed bags | Sanofi; Baxter; generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| DobutamineHeart failure | Dobutamine Injection | 1978 | 12.5 mg/mL vials; premixed bags | Hospira/Pfizer; Baxter | pfizer.comcompany site — Hospira/Pfizer |
| Digoxin immune fabAntiarrhythmicalso: AF rate control | DigiFab | Sep 2001 | 40 mg vials | BTG / SERB Pharmaceuticals | serb.comcompany site — BTG / SERB Pharmaceuticals |
| Atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias15 agents | |||||
| EsmololBeta-blocker | Brevibloc | Dec 1986 | 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL IV | Baxter (NYSE: BAX); generics | baxter.comcompany site — Baxter |
| LandiololBeta-blocker | Rapiblyk | Nov 2024 | 280 mg lyophilized vial (IV infusion) | AOP Health | rapiblyk.comproduct site |
| SotalolBeta-blockeralso: AF and VT | Betapace / Betapace AF / Sotylize | Oct 1992 | 80, 120, 160, 240 mg tabs; 5 mg/mL soln; IV | Covis Pharma; Arbor; generics | covispharma.comcompany site — Covis Pharma |
| AmiodaroneAntiarrhythmicalso: AF and VT | Cordarone / Pacerone / Nexterone | Dec 1985 | 100, 200, 400 mg tabs; 50 mg/mL IV; premix | Upsher-Smith; Baxter; generics | upsher-smith.comcompany site — Upsher-Smith |
| DronedaroneAntiarrhythmicalso: AF | Multaq | Jul 2009 | 400 mg tabs | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY); generics | multaq.comproduct site |
| FlecainideAntiarrhythmicalso: AF, SVT | Tambocor | Oct 1985 | 50, 100, 150 mg tabs | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| PropafenoneAntiarrhythmicalso: AF, SVT | Rythmol / Rythmol SR | Nov 1989 | 150, 225, 300 mg tabs; 225, 325, 425 mg SR | GSK; generics | gsk.comcompany site — GSK |
| DofetilideAntiarrhythmicalso: AF | Tikosyn | Oct 1999 | 125, 250, 500 mcg caps | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| IbutilideAntiarrhythmic | Corvert | Dec 1995 | 0.1 mg/mL IV | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| MexiletineAntiarrhythmicalso: VT | Mexitil | Dec 1985 | 150, 200, 250 mg caps | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| DisopyramideAntiarrhythmic | Norpace / Norpace CR | 1977 | 100, 150 mg caps | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| Quinidine gluconate / sulfateAntiarrhythmic | Quinidex | Predates 1982 FDA database | 200, 300 mg sulfate; 324 mg gluconate ER | Generics only | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| ProcainamideAntiarrhythmic | Procainamide Injection | 1950 | 100 mg/mL, 500 mg/mL vials | Hospira/Pfizer; generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Hospira/Pfizer |
| AdenosineAntiarrhythmic | Adenocard / Adenoscan | Oct 1989 | 3 mg/mL (6, 12 mg syringes; 30 mg vial) | Astellas; Teva; generics | astellas.comcompany site — Astellas |
| EtripamilAntiarrhythmic | Cardamyst | Dec 2025 | 70 mg intranasal spray | Milestone Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: MIST) | cardamyst.comproduct site |
| Thromboembolism and anticoagulation10 agents | |||||
| WarfarinAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE, mechanical valves | Coumadin / Jantoven | 1954 | 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.5, 10 mg tabs | Bristol Myers Squibb; Upsher-Smith; generics | bms.comcompany site — Bristol Myers Squibb |
| ApixabanAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE treatment and prophylaxis | Eliquis | Dec 2012 | 2.5, 5 mg tabs | Bristol Myers Squibb (NYSE: BMY) / Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) | eliquis.comproduct site |
| RivaroxabanAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE, CAD/PAD low dose | Xarelto | Jul 2011 | 2.5, 10, 15, 20 mg tabs; 1 mg/mL susp | Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) / Bayer | xarelto.comproduct site |
| EdoxabanAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE | Savaysa | Jan 2015 | 15, 30, 60 mg tabs | Daiichi Sankyo (TYO: 4568) | savaysa.comproduct site |
| Dabigatran etexilateAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE | Pradaxa | Oct 2010 | 75, 110, 150 mg caps; 20-150 mg pellets | Boehringer Ingelheim; generics | pradaxa.comproduct site |
| EnoxaparinAnticoagulantalso: ACS, VTE | Lovenox | Mar 1993 | 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150 mg syringes | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY); generics | lovenox.comproduct site |
| FondaparinuxAnticoagulantalso: VTE, ACS | Arixtra | Dec 2001 | 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 mg syringes | Mylan/Viatris; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Mylan/Viatris |
| Unfractionated heparinAnticoagulant | Heparin Sodium Injection | 1939 | 1,000-25,000 units/mL vials; premix bags | Fresenius Kabi; Pfizer; Baxter | fresenius-kabi.comcompany site — Fresenius Kabi |
| ArgatrobanAnticoagulant | Argatroban Injection | Jun 2000 | 1 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL vials | Sandoz; Accord; generics | sandoz.comcompany site — Sandoz |
| BivalirudinAnticoagulant | Angiomax / Bivalirudin RTU | Dec 2000 | 250 mg vial; 250 mg/50 mL RTU | Sandoz; Baxter; generics | sandoz.comcompany site — Sandoz |
| Anticoagulant reversal and fibrinolysis6 agents | |||||
| Andexanet alfaReversal agent | Andexxa | May 2018 | 200 mg vials (low/high dose regimens) | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN) | astrazeneca.comcompany site — AstraZeneca |
| IdarucizumabReversal agent | Praxbind | Oct 2015 | 2.5 g/50 mL vials (2 per dose) | Boehringer Ingelheim | boehringer-ingelheim.comcompany site — Boehringer Ingelheim |
| 4-factor PCCReversal agent | Kcentra | Apr 2013 | 500, 1,000 unit kits | CSL Behring (ASX: CSL) | cslbehring.comcompany site — CSL Behring |
| AlteplaseFibrinolyticalso: acute ischaemic stroke, PE | Activase / Cathflo Activase | Nov 1987 | 50, 100 mg vials; 2 mg Cathflo | Genentech / Roche (SWX: ROG) | gene.comcompany site — Genentech / Roche |
| TenecteplaseFibrinolyticalso: STEMI, stroke | TNKase | Jun 2000 | 50 mg vial | Genentech / Roche (SWX: ROG) | gene.comcompany site — Genentech / Roche |
| ReteplaseFibrinolytic | Retavase | Oct 1996 | 10 unit vials (x2) | Chiesi USA | chiesiusa.comcompany site — Chiesi USA |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy2 agents | |||||
| MavacamtenCardiomyopathy: HCMalso: symptomatic obstructive HCM | Camzyos | Apr 2022 | 2.5, 5, 10, 15 mg caps | Bristol Myers Squibb (NYSE: BMY) | camzyos.comproduct site |
| AficamtenCardiomyopathy: HCMalso: symptomatic obstructive HCM | Myqorzo | Dec 2025 | 5, 10, 15, 20 mg tabs | Cytokinetics (NASDAQ: CYTK) | myqorzo.comproduct site |
| Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy6 agents | |||||
| Tafamidis meglumineCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM | Vyndaqel | May 2019 | 20 mg caps | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) | vyndamax.comproduct site |
| Tafamidis free acidCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM | Vyndamax | May 2019 | 61 mg caps | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE) | vyndamax.comproduct site |
| AcoramidisCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM | Attruby | Nov 2024 | 356 mg tabs | BridgeBio Pharma (NASDAQ: BBIO) | attruby.comproduct site |
| VutrisiranCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM and ATTR-PN | Amvuttra | Jun 2022 (polyneuropathy); Mar 2025 (ATTR-CM) | 25 mg/0.5 mL prefilled syringe | Alnylam (NASDAQ: ALNY) | amvuttra.comproduct site |
| PatisiranCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR polyneuropathy | Onpattro | Aug 2018 | 10 mg/5 mL IV | Alnylam (NASDAQ: ALNY) | onpattro.comproduct site |
| EplontersenCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR polyneuropathy | Wainua | Dec 2023 | 45 mg/0.8 mL autoinjector | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN) / Ionis | wainua.comproduct site |
| Pulmonary hypertension13 agents | |||||
| AmbrisentanPulmonary hypertension | Letairis | Jun 2007 | 5, 10 mg tabs | Gilead Sciences (NASDAQ: GILD); generics | letairis.comproduct site |
| BosentanPulmonary hypertension | Tracleer | Nov 2001 | 62.5, 125 mg tabs; 32 mg dispersible | Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ); generics | jnj.comcompany site — Johnson & Johnson |
| MacitentanPulmonary hypertension | Opsumit | Oct 2013 | 10 mg tabs | Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) | opsumit.comproduct site |
| RiociguatPulmonary hypertension | Adempas | Oct 2013 | 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 mg tabs | Bayer (ETR: BAYN) | bayer.com/encompany site — Bayer |
| Sildenafil (PAH)Pulmonary hypertensionalso: PAH only at this dose | Revatio | Jun 2005 | 20 mg tabs; 10 mg/mL susp; 0.8 mg/mL IV | Viatris (NASDAQ: VTRS); generics | revatio.comproduct site |
| Tadalafil (PAH)Pulmonary hypertensionalso: PAH only at this dose | Adcirca / Alyq / Tadliq | May 2009 | 20 mg tabs; oral suspension | United Therapeutics (NASDAQ: UTHR); generics | adcirca.comproduct site |
| SelexipagPulmonary hypertension | Uptravi | Dec 2015 | 200-1,600 mcg tabs; 1,800 mcg IV | Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) | uptravi.comproduct site |
| Treprostinil (parenteral)Pulmonary hypertension | Remodulin | May 2002 | 1, 2.5, 5, 10 mg/mL vials | United Therapeutics (NASDAQ: UTHR); generics | unither.comcompany site — United Therapeutics |
| Treprostinil (inhaled)Pulmonary hypertension | Tyvaso / Tyvaso DPI | Jul 2009 | 0.6 mg/mL soln; 16-64 mcg DPI cartridges | United Therapeutics (NASDAQ: UTHR) | tyvaso.comproduct site |
| Treprostinil diolamine (oral)Pulmonary hypertension | Orenitram | Dec 2013 | 0.125, 0.25, 1, 2.5 mg ER tabs | United Therapeutics (NASDAQ: UTHR) | unither.comcompany site — United Therapeutics |
| EpoprostenolPulmonary hypertension | Flolan / Veletri | Sep 1995 | 0.5, 1.5 mg vials | GSK (NYSE: GSK); Johnson & Johnson | gsk.comcompany site — GSK |
| IloprostPulmonary hypertension | Ventavis | Dec 2004 | 10, 20 mcg/mL inhalation soln | Bayer (ETR: BAYN) | bayer.com/encompany site — Bayer |
| Sotatercept-csrkPulmonary hypertension | Winrevair | Mar 2024 | 45, 60 mg single-dose vials | Merck & Co. (NYSE: MRK) | winrevair.comproduct site |
| Peripheral artery disease2 agents | |||||
| VorapaxarAntiplatelet | Zontivity | May 2014 | 2.08 mg tabs | Aralez Pharmaceuticals (limited availability) | Aralez Pharmaceuticalsno public product or company page |
| CilostazolAntiplateletalso: intermittent claudication | Pletal | Jan 1999 | 50, 100 mg tabs | Otsuka (TYO: 4578); generics | otsuka.co.jp/encompany site — Otsuka |
| Cardiometabolic and residual inflammatory risk3 agents | |||||
| Colchicine 0.5 mgAdjunctive / residual riskalso: chronic coronary disease | Lodoco | Jun 2023 | 0.5 mg tabs | Agepha Pharma | lodoco.comproduct site |
| Semaglutide (CV indication)Adjunctive / residual riskalso: obesity, type 2 diabetes | Wegovy | Jun 2021 (weight); Mar 2024 (CV risk reduction) | 0.25-2.4 mg weekly pen | Novo Nordisk (NYSE: NVO) | novonordisk.comcompany site — Novo Nordisk |
| Icosapent ethyl (CV indication)Adjunctive / residual riskalso: CV risk reduction with elevated triglycerides | Vascepa | Dec 2019 (CV risk reduction) | 2 g twice daily | Amarin (NASDAQ: AMRN) | vascepa.comproduct site |
Approval dates reflect the original FDA approval of the molecule under the listed brand, not subsequent indication expansions, which are noted separately where a cardiovascular indication arrived years after the first approval.
Strengths listed are those commercially available in the United States and exclude discontinued presentations, and prices are deliberately omitted because acquisition cost for cardiovascular agents varies by an order of magnitude between cash, commercial and government channels; current figures should be checked against GoodRx or the manufacturer site at the point of prescribing.
Table 2 — Cardiovascular drugs available in Europe
European availability follows two parallel routes, the centralised European Medicines Agency procedure that produces a single European Union-wide authorisation, and national or decentralised procedures that leave trade names varying between member states.
Every centrally authorised product below links to its European public assessment report, which is the authoritative source for the European summary of product characteristics.
Nationally authorised legacy agents are listed with the trade names most commonly encountered across large member states, and clinicians should expect further local variation in Poland, Greece, Portugal and the Nordic countries.
| Generic name | Brand name | Approved | Available doses | Company | Website |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypertension25 agents | |||||
| RamiprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF, CV risk | Tritace / Delix / Triatec | 1989 onward (national) | 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 mg tabs | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY); generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| Perindopril arginine / erbumineRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: stable CAD | Coversyl / Coversum / Preterax | 1988 onward (national) | 2.5, 5, 10 mg (arginine); 2, 4, 8 mg (erbumine) | Servier; generics | servier.comcompany site — Servier |
| EnalaprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF | Renitec / Xanef / Innovace | 1985 onward (national) | 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs | Organon; generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| LisinoprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: HF, post-MI | Zestril / Acerbon / Coric | 1988 onward (national) | 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg tabs | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| QuinaprilRAAS: ACE inhibitor | Accupro / Acuitel | 1990 onward (national) | 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | Viatris; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| TrandolaprilRAAS: ACE inhibitoralso: post-MI LV dysfunction | Gopten / Odrik | 1993 onward (national) | 0.5, 2, 4 mg caps | Abbott/BGP; generics | abbott.comcompany site — Abbott/BGP |
| LosartanRAAS: ARBalso: stroke prevention in LVH | Cozaar | 1994 onward (national) | 12.5, 25, 50, 100 mg tabs | Organon (NYSE: OGN); generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| ValsartanRAAS: ARBalso: HF, post-MI | Diovan / Provas | 1996 onward (national) | 40, 80, 160, 320 mg tabs | Novartis (NYSE: NVS); generics | novartis.comcompany site — Novartis |
| IrbesartanRAAS: ARB | Aprovel / Karvea | Aug 1997 (EMA centralised) | 75, 150, 300 mg tabs | Sanofi Winthrop Industrie (NASDAQ: SNY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| TelmisartanRAAS: ARB | Micardis / Pritor / Kinzalmono | Dec 1998 (EMA centralised) | 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Boehringer Ingelheim International | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Candesartan cilexetilRAAS: ARBalso: HF | Atacand / Blopress / Amias | 1997 onward (national) | 4, 8, 16, 32 mg tabs | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| Olmesartan medoxomilRAAS: ARB | Olmetec / Votum / Benetor | 2002 onward (national) | 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | Daiichi Sankyo (TYO: 4568); generics | daiichisankyo.comcompany site — Daiichi Sankyo |
| Azilsartan medoxomilRAAS: ARB | Edarbi / Ipreziv | Dec 2011 (EMA centralised) | 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Takeda Pharma A/S (TYO: 4502) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| AliskirenRAAS: Renin inhibitor | Rasilez | Aug 2007 (EMA centralised) | 150, 300 mg tabs | Lxo Ireland DAC | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| AmlodipineCalcium channel blockeralso: angina | Norvasc / Istin / Amlor | 1990 onward (national) | 5, 10 mg tabs | Viatris; Pfizer; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| LercanidipineCalcium channel blockeralso: HTN | Zanidip / Lerkanidipin | 1996 onward (national) - no US approval | 10, 20 mg tabs | Recordati (BIT: REC); generics | recordati.comcompany site — Recordati |
| LacidipineCalcium channel blocker | Lacipil / Motens | 1991 onward (national) - no US approval | 2, 4, 6 mg tabs | GSK; generics | gsk.comcompany site — GSK |
| ManidipineCalcium channel blocker | Manyper / Iperton | 1996 onward (national) - no US approval | 10, 20 mg tabs | Chiesi; generics | chiesi.comcompany site — Chiesi |
| NifedipineCalcium channel blockeralso: angina | Adalat / Adalat Oros | 1975 onward (national) | 20, 30, 60 mg ER tabs | Bayer (ETR: BAYN); generics | bayer.com/encompany site — Bayer |
| FelodipineCalcium channel blockeralso: angina | Plendil / Munobal | 1988 onward (national) | 2.5, 5, 10 mg ER tabs | AstraZeneca; generics | astrazeneca.comcompany site — AstraZeneca |
| NebivololBeta-blockeralso: HTN only in the US | Nebilet / Nebivolol | 1995 onward (national) | 5 mg tabs (scored) | Menarini; Berlin-Chemie; generics | menarini.comcompany site — Menarini |
| PropranololBeta-blockeralso: arrhythmia, migraine, thyrotoxicosis | Inderal / Dociton / Hemangiol | 1965 onward (national) | 10, 40, 80, 160 mg | Cheplapharm; Pierre Fabre; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| IndapamideDiuretic | Natrilix SR / Fludex | 1974 onward (national) | 1.5 mg SR; 2.5 mg tabs | Servier; generics | servier.comcompany site — Servier |
| ChlortalidoneDiuretic | Hygroton | 1960s (national) | 25, 50 mg tabs | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| HydrochlorothiazideDiuretic | Esidrex / Disalunil | 1959 onward (national) | 12.5, 25 mg tabs (mostly in combinations) | Various; generics | Multiple generic manufacturerscheck the label on the dispensed product |
| Dyslipidaemia and ASCVD risk reduction19 agents | |||||
| AtorvastatinLipid: Statins | Sortis / Tahor / Lipitor (national trade names vary by member state) | 1997 (national procedures) | 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Viatris; Upjohn; many generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| RosuvastatinLipid: Statins | Crestor | 2003 (national / mutual recognition) | 5, 10, 20, 40 mg tabs | AstraZeneca (NASDAQ: AZN); generics | astrazeneca.comcompany site — AstraZeneca |
| SimvastatinLipid: Statins | Zocor / Simvacor / Denan | 1989-1990 (national) | 10, 20, 40, 80 mg tabs | Organon; many generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| PitavastatinLipid: Statins | Livazo | 2010 (national) | 1, 2, 4 mg tabs | Recordati (BIT: REC) | recordati.comcompany site — Recordati |
| EzetimibeLipid: Non-statin oral | Ezetrol | 2002-2003 (national) | 10 mg tabs | Organon (NYSE: OGN); generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| Ezetimibe / simvastatinLipid: Non-statin oral | Inegy | 2004-2005 (national) | 10/20, 10/40, 10/80 mg tabs | Organon; generics | organon.comcompany site — Organon |
| Bempedoic acidLipid: Non-statin oral | Nilemdo | Apr 2020 (EMA centralised) | 180 mg tabs | Daiichi Sankyo Europe (TYO: 4568) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Bempedoic acid / ezetimibeLipid: Non-statin oral | Nustendi | Mar 2020 (EMA centralised) | 180/10 mg tabs | Daiichi Sankyo Europe (TYO: 4568) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| EvolocumabLipid: PCSK9also: ASCVD, HeFH, HoFH | Repatha | Jul 2015 (EMA centralised) | 140 mg pen; 420 mg/3.5 mL | Amgen Europe B.V. (NASDAQ: AMGN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| AlirocumabLipid: PCSK9also: ASCVD, HeFH | Praluent | Sep 2015 (EMA centralised) | 75, 150, 300 mg pens | Sanofi Winthrop Industrie (NASDAQ: SNY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| InclisiranLipid: PCSK9also: ASCVD, HeFH | Leqvio | Dec 2020 (EMA centralised) | 284 mg/1.5 mL syringe | Novartis Europharm (NYSE: NVS) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| EvinacumabLipid: Rare diseasealso: HoFH | Evkeeza | Jun 2021 (EMA, exceptional circumstances) | 345 mg/2.3 mL; 1,200 mg/8 mL IV | Ultragenyx Germany GmbH (NASDAQ: RARE) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| LomitapideLipid: Rare diseasealso: HoFH | Lojuxta | Jul 2013 (EMA, exceptional circumstances) | 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 mg caps | Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| VolanesorsenLipid: Rare diseasealso: familial chylomicronaemia | Waylivra | May 2019 (EMA, conditional) - no US approval | 285 mg/1.5 mL weekly injection | Akcea Therapeutics Ireland / Sobi (STO: SOBI) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| OlezarsenLipid: Rare diseasealso: familial chylomicronaemia | Tryngolza | Sep 2025 (EMA centralised) | 80 mg/0.8 mL monthly autoinjector | Swedish Orphan Biovitrum (STO: SOBI) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Icosapent ethylLipid: Triglyceridealso: CV risk reduction with elevated triglycerides | Vazkepa | Mar 2021 (EMA centralised) | 998 mg caps | Recordati Industria Chimica e Farmaceutica (BIT: REC) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Omega-3-acid ethyl estersLipid: Triglyceride | Omacor / Zodin | 1990s-2000s (national) | 1 g caps | BASF/Pronova; Abbott; generics | BASF/Pronovano public product or company page |
| FenofibrateLipid: Triglyceride | Lipanthyl / Lipidil / Supralip | 1975 onward (national) | 145, 160, 200, 267 mg caps/tabs | Viatris; Recordati; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| ColesevelamLipid: Other | Cholestagel | Mar 2004 (EMA centralised) | 625 mg tabs | CHEPLAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Chronic coronary disease and angina8 agents | |||||
| DiltiazemCalcium channel blockeralso: AF rate control, HTN | Dilzem / Tildiem / Adizem | 1980s (national) | 60, 90, 120, 180, 200, 300 mg | Viatris; Sanofi; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| VerapamilCalcium channel blockeralso: AF rate control, HTN, SVT | Isoptin / Securon | 1963 onward (national) | 40, 80, 120 mg; 120-240 mg SR | Viatris; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| AtenololBeta-blockeralso: post-MI, HTN | Tenormin / Atenolol | 1976 onward (national) | 25, 50, 100 mg tabs | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| RanolazineAntianginalalso: chronic angina | Ranexa | Jul 2008 (EMA centralised) | 375, 500, 750 mg ER tabs | Menarini International Operations Luxembourg | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| TrimetazidineAntianginalalso: refractory angina | Vastarel MR / Preductal MR | 1978 onward (national) - no US approval | 35 mg MR tabs; 80 mg MR caps | Servier; generics | servier.comcompany site — Servier |
| NicorandilAntianginalalso: refractory angina | Ikorel / Dancor / Adancor | 1994 onward (national) - no US approval | 10, 20 mg tabs | Servier; Merck KGaA; generics | servier.comcompany site — Servier |
| MolsidomineAntianginalalso: angina | Corvaton / Corvasal | 1980s (national) - no US approval | 2, 4, 8 mg tabs | Sanofi; generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| Isosorbide mononitrateAntianginal | Monomax / Elantan / Ismo | 1980s (national) | 10-60 mg tabs; 25-60 mg ER | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| Acute coronary syndrome and antiplatelet therapy6 agents | |||||
| ClopidogrelAntiplateletalso: ACS, PCI, stroke, PAD | Plavix / Iscover | Jul 1998 (EMA centralised) | 75, 300 mg tabs | Sanofi Winthrop Industrie (NASDAQ: SNY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| PrasugrelAntiplateletalso: ACS with PCI | Efient | Feb 2009 (EMA centralised) | 5, 10 mg tabs | Substipharm; generics | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| TicagrelorAntiplateletalso: ACS, prior MI, stroke | Brilique | Dec 2010 (EMA centralised) | 60, 90 mg tabs; 90 mg dispersible | AstraZeneca AB (NASDAQ: AZN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| CangrelorAntiplatelet | Kengrexal | Mar 2015 (EMA centralised) | 50 mg vial (IV) | Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A. | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Dipyridamole / aspirinAntiplatelet | Asasantin Retard / Aggrenox | 1990s (national) | 200/25 mg caps | Boehringer Ingelheim; generics | boehringer-ingelheim.comcompany site — Boehringer Ingelheim |
| TirofibanAntiplatelet | Aggrastat | 1990s (national) | 250 mcg/mL, 50 mcg/mL IV | Correvio; Medicure (TSXV: MPH) | advanzpharma.comcompany site — Correvio |
| Heart failure18 agents | |||||
| Sacubitril / valsartanRAAS: ARNI | Entresto | Nov 2015 (EMA centralised) | 24/26, 49/51, 97/103 mg tabs; granules | Novartis Europharm (NYSE: NVS) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| SpironolactoneAldosterone pathwayalso: resistant HTN | Aldactone / Verospiron | 1960s (national) | 25, 50, 100 mg tabs | Pfizer; Gedeon Richter; generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| EplerenoneAldosterone pathwayalso: post-MI LV dysfunction, HTN | Inspra | 2004 onward (national) | 25, 50 mg tabs | Pfizer (NYSE: PFE); generics | pfizer.comcompany site — Pfizer |
| FinerenoneAldosterone pathwayalso: CKD in type 2 diabetes | Kerendia | Feb 2022 (EMA centralised) | 10, 20 mg tabs | Bayer AG (ETR: BAYN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Metoprolol succinateBeta-blockeralso: HTN, angina | Betaloc ZOK / Seloken ZOK / Beloc-ZOK | 1988 onward (national) | 23.75, 47.5, 95, 190 mg ER tabs | Recordati; AstraZeneca; generics | recordati.comcompany site — Recordati |
| BisoprololBeta-blockeralso: HTN | Concor / Cardicor / Emcor | 1986 onward (national) | 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5, 7.5, 10 mg tabs | Merck KGaA (ETR: MRK); generics | merckgroup.comcompany site — Merck KGaA |
| CarvedilolBeta-blockeralso: HTN, post-MI LV dysfunction | Dilatrend / Eucardic / Querto | 1991 onward (national) | 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 mg tabs | Roche; Cheplapharm; generics | roche.comcompany site — Roche |
| FurosemideDiureticalso: oedema, HTN | Lasix / Furosemid / Frusemide | 1964 onward (national) | 20, 40, 500 mg tabs; 10 mg/mL IV | Sanofi; generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| TorasemideDiureticalso: oedema, HTN | Torem / Unat / Toradiur | 1993 onward (national) | 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 200 mg tabs | Roche; Berlin-Chemie; generics | roche.comcompany site — Roche |
| BumetanideDiureticalso: oedema | Burinex | 1970s (national) | 1, 5 mg tabs | Leo Pharma; generics | leo-pharma.comcompany site — Leo Pharma |
| TolvaptanDiureticalso: hypervolaemic hyponatraemia | Samsca | Aug 2009 (EMA centralised) | 15, 30 mg tabs | Otsuka Pharmaceutical Netherlands (TYO: 4578) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| IvabradineAntianginalalso: chronic angina (EU label) | Procoralan / Corlentor | Oct 2005 (EMA centralised) | 5, 7.5 mg tabs | Les Laboratoires Servier | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| DapagliflozinHeart failurealso: CKD, type 2 diabetes | Forxiga | Nov 2012 (EMA centralised) | 5, 10 mg tabs | AstraZeneca AB (NASDAQ: AZN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| EmpagliflozinHeart failurealso: CKD, type 2 diabetes, CV risk | Jardiance | May 2014 (EMA centralised) | 10, 25 mg tabs | Boehringer Ingelheim International | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| VericiguatHeart failure | Verquvo | Jul 2021 (EMA centralised) | 2.5, 5, 10 mg tabs | Bayer AG (ETR: BAYN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| LevosimendanHeart failure | Simdax | 2000 onward (national, mutual recognition) - no US approval | 2.5 mg/mL concentrate for IV infusion | Orion Corporation (HEL: ORNBV) | orionpharma.com/encompany site — Orion Corporation |
| Digoxin / digitoxinHeart failurealso: AF rate control | Lanoxin / Digimerck / Digimed | 1960s (national) | 0.0625-0.25 mg digoxin; 0.07 mg digitoxin | Aspen; Teofarma; generics | aspenpharma.comcompany site — Aspen |
| MilrinoneHeart failure | Corotrop / Primacor | 1990s (national) | 1 mg/mL IV | Sanofi; generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| Atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias10 agents | |||||
| SotalolBeta-blockeralso: AF and VT | Sotalex / Sotacor | 1974 onward (national) | 40, 80, 160 mg tabs | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| LandiololBeta-blocker | Rapibloc / Raploc | 2016 onward (national, decentralised) | 20, 300 mg vials (IV) | AOP Health | aop-health.com/global_encompany site — AOP Health |
| EsmololBeta-blocker | Brevibloc | 1991 onward (national) | 10, 20 mg/mL IV | Baxter (NYSE: BAX); generics | baxter.comcompany site — Baxter |
| AmiodaroneAntiarrhythmicalso: AF and VT | Cordarone / Cordarex | 1967 onward (national) | 100, 200 mg tabs; 50 mg/mL IV | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY); generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| DronedaroneAntiarrhythmicalso: AF | Multaq | Nov 2009 (EMA centralised) | 400 mg tabs | Sanofi Winthrop Industrie (NASDAQ: SNY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| FlecainideAntiarrhythmicalso: AF, SVT | Tambocor / Flecainid | 1982 onward (national) | 50, 100, 150, 200 mg | Viatris; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| PropafenoneAntiarrhythmicalso: AF, SVT | Rytmonorm / Arythmol | 1977 onward (national) | 150, 300 mg tabs; 225-425 mg SR | Abbott (NYSE: ABT); generics | abbott.comcompany site — Abbott |
| VernakalantAntiarrhythmic | Brinavess | Sep 2010 (EMA centralised) - no US approval | 20 mg/mL concentrate for IV infusion | Advanz Pharma Limited | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| DisopyramideAntiarrhythmic | Rythmodan / Isorythm | 1970s (national) | 100, 150 mg caps; 250 mg SR | Cheplapharm; generics | cheplapharm.comcompany site — Cheplapharm |
| AdenosineAntiarrhythmic | Adenocor / Adenoscan / Krenosin | 1990s (national) | 3 mg/mL IV | Sanofi; generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| Thromboembolism and anticoagulation7 agents | |||||
| ApixabanAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE treatment and prophylaxis | Eliquis | May 2011 (EMA centralised) | 2.5, 5 mg tabs | Bristol-Myers Squibb / Pfizer EEIG | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| RivaroxabanAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE, CAD/PAD low dose | Xarelto | Sep 2008 (EMA centralised) | 2.5, 10, 15, 20 mg tabs; granules | Bayer AG (ETR: BAYN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| EdoxabanAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE | Lixiana | Jun 2015 (EMA centralised) | 15, 30, 60 mg tabs | Daiichi Sankyo Europe (TYO: 4568) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Dabigatran etexilateAnticoagulantalso: AF, VTE | Pradaxa | Mar 2008 (EMA centralised) | 75, 110, 150 mg caps; pellets | Boehringer Ingelheim International | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| EnoxaparinAnticoagulantalso: ACS, VTE | Clexane / Lovenox / Inhixa | 1987 onward (national); biosimilars centralised | 2,000-15,000 IU syringes | Sanofi (NASDAQ: SNY); Techdow; generics | sanofi.comcompany site — Sanofi |
| FondaparinuxAnticoagulantalso: VTE, ACS | Arixtra | Mar 2002 (EMA centralised) | 1.5, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 mg syringes | Viatris Healthcare Limited (NASDAQ: VTRS) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Vitamin K antagonistsAnticoagulant | Marcoumar (phenprocoumon) / Sintrom (acenocoumarol) / Warfarin | 1950s-1960s (national) | 3 mg phenprocoumon; 1, 4 mg acenocoumarol; 1-5 mg warfarin | Viatris; Merus Labs; generics | viatris.comcompany site — Viatris |
| Anticoagulant reversal and fibrinolysis4 agents | |||||
| Andexanet alfaReversal agent | Ondexxya | Apr 2019 (EMA, conditional) | 200 mg vials | AstraZeneca AB (NASDAQ: AZN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| IdarucizumabReversal agent | Praxbind | Nov 2015 (EMA centralised) | 2.5 g/50 mL vials | Boehringer Ingelheim International | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| AlteplaseFibrinolyticalso: acute ischaemic stroke, PE | Actilyse / Actilyse Cathflo | 1987 onward (national) | 10, 20, 50 mg vials | Boehringer Ingelheim | boehringer-ingelheim.comcompany site — Boehringer Ingelheim |
| TenecteplaseFibrinolyticalso: STEMI, stroke | Metalyse | Feb 2001 (EMA centralised) | 25, 40, 50 mg vials | Boehringer Ingelheim International | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy2 agents | |||||
| MavacamtenCardiomyopathy: HCMalso: symptomatic obstructive HCM | Camzyos | Jun 2023 (EMA centralised) | 2.5, 5, 10, 15 mg caps | Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma EEIG (NYSE: BMY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| AficamtenCardiomyopathy: HCMalso: symptomatic obstructive HCM | Myqorzo | Feb 2026 (EMA centralised) | 5, 10, 15, 20 mg tabs | Cytokinetics (Ireland) Limited (NASDAQ: CYTK) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy5 agents | |||||
| TafamidisCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM and ATTR-PN | Vyndaqel | Nov 2011 (EMA centralised) | 20 mg meglumine caps; 61 mg free-acid caps | Pfizer Europe MA EEIG (NYSE: PFE) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| AcoramidisCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM | Beyonttra | Feb 2025 (EMA centralised) | 356 mg tabs | Bayer AG (ETR: BAYN), licensed from BridgeBio | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| VutrisiranCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR-CM and ATTR-PN | Amvuttra | Sep 2022 (EMA centralised) | 25 mg/0.5 mL prefilled syringe | Alnylam Netherlands B.V. (NASDAQ: ALNY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| PatisiranCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR polyneuropathy | Onpattro | Aug 2018 (EMA centralised) | 10 mg/5 mL IV | Alnylam Netherlands B.V. (NASDAQ: ALNY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| EplontersenCardiomyopathy: ATTRalso: ATTR polyneuropathy | Wainzua | Mar 2025 (EMA centralised) | 45 mg/0.8 mL autoinjector | AstraZeneca AB (NASDAQ: AZN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Pulmonary hypertension10 agents | |||||
| AmbrisentanPulmonary hypertension | Volibris | Apr 2008 (EMA centralised) | 5, 10 mg tabs | GlaxoSmithKline Trading Services (NYSE: GSK) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| BosentanPulmonary hypertension | Tracleer | May 2002 (EMA centralised) | 62.5, 125 mg tabs; 32 mg dispersible | Janssen-Cilag International NV (NYSE: JNJ) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| MacitentanPulmonary hypertension | Opsumit | Dec 2013 (EMA centralised) | 10 mg tabs | Janssen-Cilag International NV (NYSE: JNJ) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| RiociguatPulmonary hypertension | Adempas | Mar 2014 (EMA centralised) | 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 mg tabs | Bayer AG (ETR: BAYN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Sildenafil (PAH)Pulmonary hypertensionalso: PAH only at this dose | Revatio | Oct 2005 (EMA centralised) | 20 mg tabs; powder for susp; 0.8 mg/mL IV | Upjohn EESV / Viatris (NASDAQ: VTRS) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Tadalafil (PAH)Pulmonary hypertensionalso: PAH only at this dose | Adcirca | Oct 2008 (EMA centralised) | 20 mg tabs | Eli Lilly Nederland B.V. (NYSE: LLY) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| SelexipagPulmonary hypertension | Uptravi | May 2016 (EMA centralised) | 200-1,600 mcg tabs; 1,800 mcg IV | Janssen-Cilag International NV (NYSE: JNJ) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Treprostinil (CTEPH)Pulmonary hypertension | Trepulmix | Apr 2020 (EMA centralised) - EU-specific CTEPH label | 1, 2.5, 5, 10 mg/mL vials | SciPharm Sarl / AOP Health | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| IloprostPulmonary hypertension | Ventavis | Sep 2003 (EMA centralised) | 10, 20 mcg/mL inhalation soln | Bayer AG (ETR: BAYN) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| SotaterceptPulmonary hypertension | Winrevair | Aug 2024 (EMA centralised) | 45, 60 mg vials | Merck Sharp & Dohme B.V. (NYSE: MRK) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
| Peripheral artery disease1 agent | |||||
| CilostazolAntiplateletalso: intermittent claudication | Pletal | 2007 onward (national) | 50, 100 mg tabs | Otsuka (TYO: 4578); generics | otsuka.co.jp/encompany site — Otsuka |
| Cardiometabolic and residual inflammatory risk1 agent | |||||
| Semaglutide (CV indication)Adjunctive / residual riskalso: obesity, type 2 diabetes | Wegovy | Jan 2022 (EMA centralised); CV risk label extension 2024 | 0.25-2.4 mg weekly pen | Novo Nordisk A/S (NYSE: NVO) | EMA product pageofficial EU assessment report |
Several agents in this table have no United States counterpart at all, including vernakalant (Brinavess) for rapid pharmacological cardioversion, levosimendan (Simdax) for acute decompensated heart failure, and the metabolic antianginals trimetazidine and nicorandil.
Table 3 — Where the two formularies diverge
The differences fall into four practical categories, namely identical molecules under different trade names, agents licensed in only one jurisdiction, brands that map to different strength ladders, and agents withdrawn from one market for commercial rather than safety reasons.
| Category | United States | Europe | Why it matters |
|---|---|---|---|
| Same molecule, different brand | Ticagrelor - Brilinta | Brilique | Identical AstraZeneca molecule; the EU name is a frequent source of transcription error on transatlantic medication lists. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Edoxaban - Savaysa | Lixiana | Lixiana is far more commercially visible in Europe than Savaysa is in the United States. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Prasugrel - Effient | Efient | One-letter difference; EU marketing authorisation now held by Substipharm, not Daiichi Sankyo/Lilly. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Cangrelor - Kengreal | Kengrexal | Chiesi holds both; the cath-lab product is the same. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Dapagliflozin - Farxiga | Forxiga | Vowel-only difference in the most widely prescribed SGLT2 inhibitor for heart failure. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Bempedoic acid - Nexletol / Nexlizet | Nilemdo / Nustendi | US rights with Esperion; EU rights with Daiichi Sankyo Europe. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Icosapent ethyl - Vascepa | Vazkepa | EU marketing authorisation transferred from Amarin to Recordati. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Acoramidis - Attruby | Beyonttra | BridgeBio in the US; Bayer commercialises in Europe under licence. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Eplontersen - Wainua | Wainzua | Two letters apart, same antisense oligonucleotide. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Ivabradine - Corlanor | Procoralan / Corlentor | Amgen licensed the US rights; Servier remains the originator and EU holder. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Ambrisentan - Letairis | Volibris | Gilead in the US; GSK in the EU. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Andexanet alfa - Andexxa | Ondexxya | Same reversal agent, conditional authorisation in the EU. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Lomitapide - Juxtapid | Lojuxta | Both now under Chiesi Global Rare Diseases. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Ezetimibe/simvastatin - Vytorin | Inegy | Unrecognisable across the Atlantic despite identical composition. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Propafenone - Rythmol | Rytmonorm | Spelling divergence that also affects electronic prescribing lookups. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Nebivolol - Bystolic | Nebilet | EU tablets are 5 mg scored rather than the US 2.5/5/10/20 mg ladder. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Aliskiren - Tekturna | Rasilez | EU authorisation now held by Lxo Ireland DAC. |
| Same molecule, different brand | Alteplase / tenecteplase - Activase / TNKase | Actilyse / Metalyse | Genentech/Roche in the US; Boehringer Ingelheim in Europe. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Cardamyst (etripamil) intranasal | Not authorised | First self-administered intranasal calcium channel blocker for PSVT; EU filing pending. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Baxfendy (baxdrostat) | Not authorised | First-in-class aldosterone synthase inhibitor; EU regulatory review ongoing. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Lipfendra (enlicitide decanoate) | Not authorised | First oral PCSK9 inhibitor; EU submission under review. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Lerochol (lerodalcibep) | Not authorised | Third-generation PCSK9 binding protein, monthly small-volume injection. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Redemplo (plozasiran) | Not authorised | APOC3 siRNA for familial chylomicronemia syndrome. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Inpefa (sotagliflozin) | Withdrawn | EU authorisation as Zynquista for type 1 diabetes was withdrawn in 2021; no EU heart failure label. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Tikosyn (dofetilide) | Withdrawn 2004 | EU authorisation voluntarily withdrawn for commercial reasons and never marketed in Europe. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Lodoco (colchicine 0.5 mg) | No equivalent CV-labelled product | Europe uses generic colchicine off-label for atherosclerotic residual inflammatory risk. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Zontivity (vorapaxar) | Withdrawn 2019 | PAR-1 antagonist withdrawn from the EU for commercial reasons. |
| Available in the US, not the EU | Angiomax (bivalirudin) | Angiox withdrawn 2018 | EU authorisation lapsed commercially; generics fill the gap in some member states. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Brinavess (vernakalant) | Authorised Sep 2010 | Rapid IV cardioversion agent for recent-onset atrial fibrillation; never approved by the FDA. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Simdax (levosimendan) | Authorised 2000 onward | Calcium sensitiser inodilator; multiple US phase 3 programmes have failed. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Waylivra (volanesorsen) | Authorised May 2019 (conditional) | APOC3 antisense oligonucleotide; FDA declined approval over thrombocytopenia. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Vastarel MR (trimetazidine) | National authorisations | Metabolic antianginal with no US counterpart. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Ikorel (nicorandil) | National authorisations | Potassium channel activator used as add-on antianginal therapy. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Zanidip (lercanidipine) | National authorisations | Third-generation dihydropyridine with low peripheral oedema rates; never filed in the US. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Corvaton (molsidomine) | National authorisations | Nitric oxide donor antianginal. |
| Available in the EU, not the US | Trepulmix (treprostinil) | Authorised Apr 2020 | EU-specific label for inoperable or persistent CTEPH. |
| Same brand, different strength or salt | Tafamidis - Vyndaqel 20 mg + Vyndamax 61 mg | Vyndaqel covers both 20 mg meglumine and 61 mg free acid | A single EU trade name spans two US brands, a recurring source of dosing confusion. |
| Same brand, different strength or salt | Ranolazine - Ranexa 500/1,000 mg | Ranexa 375/500/750 mg | EU offers a 375 mg starting strength that does not exist in the United States. |
| Same brand, different strength or salt | Metoprolol succinate - Toprol-XL 25/50/100/200 mg | Betaloc ZOK 23.75/47.5/95/190 mg | EU strengths are expressed as metoprolol succinate equivalents of tartrate doses. |
| Same brand, different strength or salt | Warfarin dominant in the US | Marcoumar (phenprocoumon), Sintrom (acenocoumarol) widely used | Vitamin K antagonist choice differs substantially by member state, with longer and shorter half-lives than warfarin. |
The withdrawal category deserves particular attention, because a European colleague may reasonably assume that the absence of Angiox or Zontivity reflects a safety signal when both were withdrawn commercially.
Case scenario
A 64-year-old man is admitted to a United States hospital with an anterior non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction four days after relocating from Germany for work.
His medication list, transcribed from a German pharmacy label, reads Brilique 90 mg twice daily, Forxiga 10 mg daily, Nebilet 5 mg daily, Rytmonorm 150 mg three times daily and Procoralan 7.5 mg twice daily.
The admitting resident cannot match four of the five entries in the hospital formulary and initiates a duplicate ticagrelor order alongside the continued Brilique, which the pharmacist intercepts before administration.
Reconciliation establishes that the regimen is ticagrelor, dapagliflozin, nebivolol, propafenone and ivabradine, all of which have United States equivalents under different names, and that the propafenone was started for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation that now requires reassessment in the presence of structural heart disease.
The clinically important consequence is not the near-duplication but the delay, since the class IC agent should have been stopped at presentation and was continued for eleven hours because nobody recognised Rytmonorm as Rythmol.
This scenario is fictional and contains no real patient information.
Practical points for transatlantic prescribing
Reconcile every foreign medication list by generic name before touching the brand name, because the generic name is internationally harmonised and the brand name is not.
Assume that a European carton bearing a familiar-looking brand may carry an unfamiliar strength, as with Betaloc ZOK 47.5 mg, which corresponds to Toprol-XL 50 mg.
Verify availability before promising continuity, since a patient stabilised on Simdax, Brinavess, Vastarel or Waylivra in Europe cannot obtain any of them in the United States.
Expect the newest United States approvals to be unavailable in Europe for one to three years, which currently includes baxdrostat, enlicitide, lerodalcibep, plozasiran and etripamil.
Verification note: approval dates were taken from the FDA novel drug approval listings and the EMA medicine database; product website links were confirmed live at the time of writing, and manufacturer web addresses do change, so any link that fails should be replaced with the company's corporate product index. Marketed strengths and availability change continuously and should be confirmed against the current label before prescribing.
References
- US Food and Drug Administration. Novel Drug Approvals for 2026. Accessed September 2026.
- US Food and Drug Administration. Novel Drug Approvals for 2025. Accessed September 2026.
- European Medicines Agency. Medicines database, human medicines (EPAR). Accessed September 2026.
- AstraZeneca. Baxfendy approved in the US as the first and only aldosterone synthase inhibitor for adults with hypertension. May 2026.
- Merck & Co. Lipfendra (enlicitide) approved by the US FDA as the first once-daily oral PCSK9 inhibitor. July 2026.
- Drugs.com. New FDA drug approvals, 2024–2026. Accessed September 2026.
Further viewing
- Hot Line 4 – BaxHTN — European Society of Cardiology.
- Small Molecule PCSK9 Inhibitor for Hypercholesterolemia | JACC | ACC.25 — American College of Cardiology.
- Novel Treatments for TTR Amyloidosis | JACC Journal Club — American College of Cardiology.
